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4
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Fenkell Family collection
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<a href="https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1scdX2lzrZu8z-st4mVM91kgBk2AaV2LW?usp=sharing">JPG Images</a> <br /><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/17StzBNAHBslZVwX5072_1IDop29pk_i3/view?usp=sharing">Text-Searchable PDF</a>
Dublin Core
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Coalition Against Marcos Dictatorship-Philippines Solidarity Network - Memos and Guidelines (Fenkell Papers, Box 1, Folder 5)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Political prisoners
Martial law -- Philippines
Filipino Americans -- Political activity -- Politics and government -- 20th century
Philippine Commission on Human Rights
Marcos, Ferdinand E. (Ferdinand Edralin), 1917-1989
Assassinations
Description
An account of the resource
Documents pertaining to CAMD/PSN activities in 1984, along with memos and guidelines. This folder also contains a comprehensive listing of political assassinations conducted by the Marcos regime in the Philippines (See Fact Sheet: Fraud, Killings, Characterizes Philippine Election Campaign).
Creator
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Nina (Liz) Fenkell
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1984
Rights
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IN COPYRIGHT - NON-COMMERCIAL USE PERMITTED
For other purposes, please contact Bulosan Center archivist Jason Sarmiento at ajsarmiento@ucdavis.edu.
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PDF,JPG
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ucdw_wa012_s001_0084-139
ucdw_wa012_s001_f005
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Dublin Core
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Title
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Fenkell Family collection
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Dublin Core
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Committee for Justice for Domingo & Viernes - Press Release, Articles, Memorandums (Fenkell Papers, Box 1, Folder 3)
Subject
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Cindy Domingo
Domingo, Silme
Viernes, Gene, 1951-1981
Assassination
Marcos, Ferdinand E. (Ferdinand Edralin), 1917-1989
Martial law -- Philippines
Filipino Americans -- Political activity -- Politics and government -- 20th century
Description
An account of the resource
Documents pertaining to the Assassination of Silme Domingo and Gene Viernes.
Creator
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Nina (Liz) Fenkell
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1983
Rights
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">IN COPYRIGHT - NON-COMMERCIAL USE PERMITTED</a><br /><br /><span>For other purposes, please contact Bulosan Center archivist Jason Sarmiento at ajsarmiento@ucdavis.edu.</span>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF,JPG
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Fenkell Family collection
Text
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Document Text
Document text
(OCR Text; See PDF for complete text)<br /><br />DRAFT PF STATEMENT/ LETTER (ADDRESSED TO APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEES??)<br />The Reagan administration's fiscal 1985 foreign assistance<br />request provides for a$ million package to the Philippines.<br />Included in this package is the first installment of the $900<br />million negotiated under the bases agreement in the amount of<br />$180 million -- $95 million in ESF; $85 million in military<br />grants and loans.<br />American continued and unconditional support to Pres.<br />Marcos is extremely disturbing as it comes at a time when his<br />regime's legitimacy is being seriously questioned, not only by<br />the Filipino people but by the international community as well.<br />Marcos' credibility has plummeted drastically due largely to his<br />government's suspected complicity in the still unsolved assassination<br />of opposition leader Benigno Aquino.<br />As recent events have shown, opposition to the Marcos<br />government has grown dramatically from all sectors of Philippine<br />society. After 11 years of repressive rule, the Filipino people<br />are asserting that their only real chance for true democracy and<br />genuine freedom is for a complete dismantling of the Marcos<br />government. In concrete, a large segment of the opposition has<br />demanded for Pres Marcos' resignation and that a truly free and<br />open electiona can only be guaranteed under a caretaker government<br />that is truly representative of the people.<br />Equally disturbing in the Reagan administration's recommendationf<br />is the nonrecognition of increasing human rights violations committed<br />by the Philippine government, most especially by its armed forces .<br />"The Marcos regime has pursued a policy of repression .•. which<br />the United States has tacitly condoned by continuing to supply<br />military and economic aid without comment," states part of an open<br />(<br />2222<br />letter signed by 45 members of Congress to Pres. Reagan last<br />September 1, aaortly after the Aquino assassination. They also<br />questioned "whether it is in the long-term interest of the<br />United States to continue unconditional support to the Marcos<br />regime in light of its human rights record." Pres. Marcos'<br />record as a human rights violator has been well documented<br />by prominent international organizations such as :Amnesty<br />International and the Lawyers Committee for International Human<br />Rights.<br />Rather than listen to the popular demands of the Filipino<br />people, the Reagan administration has chosen to protect its<br />perceived military and economic interests in that country. For<br />what seems to concern US foreign policy makers more than anything<br />else is the fate of the two US military installations in the Philippines<br />-- a perception the this vital security interests w 11 be<br />jeopardized in the event a mildly nationalistic government were<br />to replace President Marcos' regime.<br />Concretely, the Reagan administration has decided to support<br />the parliamentary elections in May -- an exercise which attempts<br />to diffuse popular dissent by convincing the opposition to participate<br />in what is appearing to be a futile political undertaking. The<br />Reagan administration hopes that the participation of the opposition<br />would legitimize the National Assembly which is widely considered<br />as a legislature subordinate to the powers of President Marcos.<br />Such a National Assembly can then pave the way for a transition<br />government which would presumably be "friendly" to our country.<br />•<br />3333<br />But such a policy clearly runs coAnt r to the desires of the<br />Filipinos for genuine freedom and democratic processes. As<br />Americans concerned about hte preservation of true justice and<br />democracy abroad and the preservation of long-standing ties with<br />the Filipino people, we therefore, oppose this attempt by the<br />Reagan administration to push for these "normalization plans" and<br />"democratic processes" like the forthing elections inorder to<br />maintain our so-called "national security'' interests in the<br />Philippines. By supporting the Filipino people's right to selfdetermination,<br />we would be enforcing a correct and coherent foreigh<br />policy that ruly respects human rights of people everywhere and<br />teir desire to chart their own political destinies.<br />The US government has provided Pres. Marcos with close to<br />a billion dollars in military aid over the last 11 years. The<br />Reagan administration has pledged to give him $900 million more over<br />the next five years. Without US support, Pres. Marcos and other socalled<br />"friendly authoritarian regimes" like Pinochet of Chile<br />the Salvadoran military junta and Botha of South Africa would not be<br />in a position to continue oppressing their people. Giving Pres.<br />Marcos more aid, especially military aid, in the coming period<br />will further strengthen his resolve to unleash his military appartus<br />against anyone critical of his regime. By condoning the reprehensible<br />practices of Pres. Marcos andothers like him, we will in effect<br />be encouraging an unjust and undemocratic foreign policy -- a policy<br />that limits the democratic opposition, suspends human rights<br />and abrogates civil and poltiical liberties.<br />4444<br />We are therefore, requesting you, as legislators deliberating<br />on the appropriation of the economic and security assistance<br />to the Philippines that all assistance to the Marcos government<br />be stopped unless the Philippine government has made significant<br />progress in restoring democratic practices and processes in the<br />country and an that significant progress is also made to insure<br />A-UJ-h-u. £<br />that basic human rights ofthe Filipino are recogBi~ed .<br />STATEMENT OF THE NATIONAL COMMITTEE<br />TO OPPOSE THE MARCOS STATE VISIT<br />President Ferdinand 'v1arc os of the Philippines, a dictator that Washington has<br />proclaimed as a key pillar of its foreign policy in Asia, is coming to the U.S. early thrs tall on<br />an official state visit. ·<br />Though the Philippine~; has been a long-standing guardian of U.S. interests in the<br />Pacific, the Reagan administration is the first to extend the official invitation to the<br />dictator. The invitation is not merely a courtesy to Marcos who hosted not only VicePresident<br />Bush, but ex-Secretary of State Haig and Secretary of Defense Weinberger in<br />the past year. Reagan's welcome of Marcos marks the culmination of a 1 1 /2 year public<br />relations effort to perform the impossible: to transform Marcos' image from that of a<br />notorious violator of human rights to that of an "invaluable, democratic ally in defense of<br />the Free World." The thrust of this campaign was clearly stated by Vice-President George<br />Bush's grotesque toast to Marcos during his Manila visit last year: "We love your<br />adherence to democratic rights and processes."<br />Marcos is coming in the midst of an aggressive effort to reestablish U.S. political and<br />military dominance internationally. An essential component of this U.S. strategy is all-out<br />military, diplomatic and economic support to dictatorships in the Third World. To regimes<br />such as that of Marcos, of D'Aubisson in El Salvador, of Duvalier in Haiti-regarded as the<br />only reliable governments left to protect the economic and political interests of the U.S.<br />elite.<br />But this massive support takes a tremendous toll-not only on the people of the Third<br />World, who bear the brunt of U.S.-backed repression, but also on the people of the U.S.<br />who pay the price of severe cutbacks and increasing political repression at home.<br />Nowhere is this more sharply felt than by those such as anti-Marcos activists, Haitian<br />refugees, Salvadoran asylum-seekers -who as we have increasingly witnessed over the<br />past year, are the first to taste the bitter fruits of the reactionary alliance between the<br />Reagan administration and the dictatorships in their homelands.<br />MARCOS: A KEY PAWN IN U.S. STRATEGY FOR ASIA<br />Ever ~ince its defeat in Vietnam, the U.S. has maneuvered to regain hegemony in Asia.<br />Imperative to this hegemony are Subic Naval Base and Clark Air Force Base in the<br />Philippines-which form the axis of the American military strategy in Southeast Asia and<br />the logistical hub of military deployment to the Indian Ocean and the Middle East. The U.S.<br />considers Marcos a reliable security guard for these strategic U.S. bases, and Marcos in<br />exchange for $500 million in military aid, plays host par excellence to the U.S. military'.<br />To this role of faithful watchdog, Washington has recently added another for Marcos:<br />the principal spokesman for ASEAN. Without great difficulty, the U.S. is forging this<br />association of Southeast Asian dictatorships into a cohesive military alliance and the<br />principal mouthpiece for Cold War-style politics in the region.<br />ATTACKING THE OPPOSITION<br />In return for his services, Marcos has received two commitments from Reagan. The first<br />is continued military and economic assistance against the growing popular resistance<br />which threatens to engulf his regime. The second is a promise to silence the vocal<br />Philippine opposition in the United States.<br />The anti-Marcos opposition in the U.S. is a strong and vibrant movement with deep rqots<br />in the Filipino community and alliances within the broader progressive U.S. movement. Its<br />political strength is not only a threat to Marcos, but to the Reagan administration's every<br />move to bolster the repressive regime.<br />Over the last year, Haig's promise to crackdown on "Filipino terrorists" in the U.S. has<br />been translated into a coordinated strategy to destabilize the anti-Marcos opposition. In<br />November 1981, the U.S. signed an Extradition Treaty with the Philippines, the prime<br />object of which is to return Marcos' exile opponents and intimidate the resistance in the<br />U.S. That Treaty is now poised for ratification in the U.S. Senate. That same month, a<br />Federal Grand Jury convened in San Francisco to indict anti-Marcos oppositioriists on<br />charges of "exporting terrorism" under the U.S. Neutrality Act--at the same time that<br />Washington was encouraging the training of Nicaraguan Somocista exiles in Miami to<br />overthrow the Sandinista Government. Earlier, in June 1981, two anti-Marcos labor union<br />activists were gunned down in cold blood in Seattle. Evidence is now surfacing that this<br />act was the fruit of closer coordination between the U.S. and the Philippine intelligence<br />agencies.<br />The Marcos state visit then signifies a new, more dangerous turn in the U.S.-Philippine<br />alliance: in return for t .i1arcos' unqualified loyalty, Reagan has served notice that he will<br />actively assist the effort to extend martial law to the Filipino community in the U.S. The visit<br />is in fact, viewed by U S. and Philippi re officials as a test of whether the threat posed by<br />the Extradition Treaty will be able to intimidate the community from expressing in protest<br />actions and demonstrations the widespread hatred of the dictatorship which most<br />Filipinos share.<br />Reagan is prepared to strip people in the U.S. of their constitutionally guaranteed rights<br />to free speech and political assembly in order to advance a reactionary foreign policy.<br />WHO PAYS THE PRICE<br />Yet the price of the Marcos-Reagan political alliance will be paid not only by the Filipino<br />people and the Filipino community in the U.S. The curtailment of the rights of the Filipino<br />minority opens the door to broader assaults on civil and political liberties. History has<br />shown that restricting the rights of minorities is often a prelude to restricting the rights of<br />all.<br />Moreover, the burden of fortifying repressive regimes like the Marcos dictatorship, the<br />Suazo military government in Honduras and the murderous Salvadoran oligarchy is<br />placed on the working class of this country, and especially its Black and Third World<br />minorities, who are currently being stripped of basic social and economic services by the<br />transfer of billions of dollars from the social budget to the ever-escalating defense budget.<br />Indeed the brutal assault on basic human and political rights being carried out in the Third<br />World by U.S.-backed dictatorships is but the other side of the coin of the massive attack<br />on the fundamental economic and social rights of the people of this administration.<br />SUPPORT THE CAMPAIGN TO OPPOSE THE MARCOS VISIT<br />Ferdinand Marcos' visit is a brazen challenge flung at all of us. It is a tangible symbol of<br />the intersection of U.S. support for repressive regimes abroad and increasing repression<br />at home. We repudiate this cynical attempt to paint this bloody dictator as a committed<br />democrat. We repudiate the political attack on persons whose only crime is to exercise<br />their right to oppose repression in their homeland. We urge you to join the growing<br />nationwide opposition to the state visit of Philippine dictator Marcos.<br />(revised August, 1982)<br />To join the Committee or for more information, contact:<br />W e st Coast:c/o CAMD National Office, P.O. Box 173, Oakland, CA 94668<br />East Coast: c/o Congress Task Force, 1322 18th St. N.W. Washington D.C.<br />(202) 223-5611<br />- -<br />Foes have secret plan<br />for a post-Marcos era<br />By Phil Bronstein<br />Examiner staff writer<br />e 1984, San Fnnclsco Examiner<br />Prominent opponents of Philippine President<br />Ferdinand Marcos have drawn up a<br />secret report that maps out their emergency<br />political plans if Marcos should suddenly die<br />or leave office.<br />The plan, obtained by The Examiner<br />from a variety of sources in Manila, includes<br />a list of 12 "standard-bearers" from which<br />opposition presidential and vice-presidential<br />candidates would be chosen. Among those<br />named is Rafael Salas, the Philippines' chief<br />delegate to the United Nations.<br />Under the plan, code-named "Opention<br />Fast Track," a "convener group" of three<br />"who have agreed to take the initiative," will<br />make key initial decisions: Corey Aquino,<br />wife of slain opposition leader Benigno Aquino,<br />aging oppositionlst and former Sen. Lorenzo<br />Tanada and business executive Jaime<br />Ongpin.<br />Organizers of the plan hope Aquino and<br />Tanada will appeal to the blcreastngly influential<br />leftist segment of the Marcos opposition,<br />although there is no guarantee that<br />enough anti-Marcos elements will join "Fast<br />Track" to make it a success.<br />Noting that the ''truly broad spectrum of<br />opposition groups have no agreement on<br />how to get together bl a unified effort," the<br />plan seeks to "avoid the kind of scrambling,<br />quarreling and infighting that will leave the<br />opposition in disarray."<br />Completed last week in its draft form by a<br />small group of Manila businessmen who quietly<br />&(\vise opposition pollticlans, the eightpage<br />plan calls for the complex organm-<br />-See baek page, eol. 4<br />Eiteminer /Kim Komenlch<br />COREY AQUINO, BENIGNO'S WIDOW<br />Key leader of Phlllpplne oppoaltlon<br />Falwell loses<br />libel suit but<br />gets $200,000<br />. ROANOKE, Va. (UPD- Sex maga:<br />zine publisher Larry Flynt did not<br />1libel the Rev. Jerry Falwell by print,<br />tng an advertisement parody calling<br />the evangelist an incestuous drunk,<br />but he did intentionally inflict emotional<br />distress, a federal jury decided<br />last night.<br />The jury ruled there was no libel<br />because the ad's claims, published in<br />the sexually explicit Hustler magazine,<br />were too outrageous to be believed.<br />But it said Falwell was entitled<br />to $100,00> in actual damages for emotional<br />distress and $100,00> in punitive<br />damages for what it said was a malicious<br />parody.<br />Flynt's lawyers said they planned<br />'to ask U.S. District Court Judge James<br />Turk to set aside the award and said<br />-See Page AS, eol. 1<br />Ar . U) Everyone ha duties to the <'ommun1ty<br />'n which alone the free and full dev<'lopm nt of hi<br />ersonality is possible.<br />(2) In the xerdse of his rights and fre doms, ev1'ryo<br />all be ubjert only to such lim1Lations a ar ·<br />determined by law solely for the pur osc of e<"uring<br />du rerognition and respect for the right and freed<br />ms of other and of meeting the jus r quir<'mcnt<br />o! morality, publk order and the general welfar, in<br />democ:a-atic IOCi ty.<br />(3) TheM · us and freedoms may in no case be<br />............ ===<br />exNe:.·,•d rontr ry to the purpo c and princip f<br />the Unit d Nation .<br />Artfrl 30. Nothin, in thi. Dl' larali n m y rpn•<br />t,·d a'l implying for any .'l. tr, gr up or p r n any<br />right to <>ngage in ny activity or to perform an • act<br />· imcd at th d<' trurtion of any of the ri ht and<br />frc doms s t forth herein.<br />A opted by th G nera.l Assembly, on 10th D e<br />1948 .<br />r<br />THE FILIPINO AS CONTRACT LABORER<br />by Lloyd H. Fisher<br />1<br />••• The remaining group of agricultural laborers who played a significant<br />role in the labor force attached to California agriculture was the<br />Filipino. Still prominent at present, major immigration of Filipinos to<br />California took place during the period 1920 to 1930, In this decade some<br />31,000 Filipinos entered California, of whom the majority found employment<br />in agriculture.<br />The Filipino was, by most criteria, well adapted to rnagratory work.<br />As a group it was young, male, and single. The handicaps of a strange<br />language, an alien culture, and a different skin color served to exclude<br />the Filipino from cnany occupations to which he might have proved even<br />better adapted than to agriculture; and, as had proved the case with other<br />minority groups, agriculture with its virtual absence of conventional employment<br />standards, was the beneficiary.<br />The case of the Filipino was much like that of the Japanese. Labor<br />was organized under a contract system which closely resembled the Japanese<br />form of organization. Although the following account is more enthusiastic<br />than others of the period, its description of the "club" organization of<br />the Filipino work force is essentially accurate.<br />As a migratory laborer, the Filipino has been largely employed<br />in salmon canneries, fruit farms, vegetable gardens and sugar-beet<br />ranches. In the Salinas beet and lettuce fields they formerly received<br />fifteen cents an hour, but in the summer of 1933 their pay<br />was raised to twenty cents an hour. A day's work varies from five<br />to ten hours. The men work in gangs under a labor contractor who<br />recruits, organizes, boards and disciplines them, and to whom they,<br />in r-.eturn, pay sixty cents a day for baths, board and room in "clubs"<br />or camps where they have Filipino food.<br />A labor contractor may operate from 30 to 120 men in several<br />gangs. Some of these "clubs" are only crude white-washed shacks,<br />but there is a tendency, in building new camps, for the labor contractor<br />to make them attractive little cottage communities, with<br />facilities for recreation for the men when off duty. The labor<br />boss, in turn, contracts with the larger farmers or big agricultural<br />companies to bring his gang and pick a field of lettuce or<br />weed a field of sugar-beets. The work is done quickly and efficiently<br />and just when it is needed. When the job is finished the<br />gang piles into the contractor's trucks and goes off to the camp<br />or to another job,23<br />And further in an accute passage Palmer remarks:<br />It is very interesting to observe the type of Filipino community<br />which is growing up in Salinas on the basis of a group of some<br />three thousand agricultural laborers, practically all unmarried<br />young men .• ,.The chief organizations are the Labor Supply Association,<br />the newspaper, the various clubs, and the churches. The<br />Labor Supply Association seems to be somewhat like a Chinese trade<br />guild. Its dominant directing element is made up of the labor<br />contractors, but the laborers themselves are also members in a<br />sort of junior capacity. 24<br />It .is precisely this guild character which distinguished the ,,Japamese<br />and Filipino contract system from the Mexican and Chinese. It is<br />--~----------- ---<br />3<br />opportunities, he organizes the workers into groups, he may direct<br />their migration, and he may obtain better terms for the contract<br />group whom he represents. In the absence of a well-functioning<br />labor exchange, he to some extent plays the role which they should<br />play. It is only because of the absence of such labor exchanges,<br />which would gather information about labor demand and labor supply<br />from week to week and would hand it on to the migratory wo::-ker, that<br />there is room for the contractor to function •••• 27<br />This is closer to the mark, but still underestimates the services<br />rendered by labor contractors, particularly services rendered to employers.<br />The following chapter will examine these services in detail. From this<br />examination should emerge a clearer insight into the organizing role of<br />the labor contractor in a most disorganized market.<br />N,@TES.<br />23Albert W. Palmer, Orientals¥! American Life, Friendship Press,<br />1934,2£· 79.<br />- Ibid., p. 8.<br />25Brawley (California)~. November 20, 1935.<br />26 Ibid,, December 19, 1935,<br />27mgratory Labor £!l California, p. 208.<br />--- Editorial From: '/-IJ.3<br />Los Angeles Times<br />Blustering In Manila<br />The Fourth of July observance of<br />Filipino-American Friendship Day<br />took a different turn this year in<br />Manila. Close to 1,000 Filipinos congregated<br />in front of the American<br />Embassy to demonstrate their dissatisfaction<br />with U.S. policy. They were<br />protesting too much friendship, not<br />too little. They were angry about the<br />support of their president, Ferdi•<br />nand E. Marcos, that they perceived<br />in the visit of Secretary of State<br />George P. Shultz 10 days earlier.<br />Shultz had conveniently and correctly<br />focused on the "very special"<br />relationship between the two nations<br />rather than on Philippine leadership,<br />thus at least avoiding the embarrassment<br />that followed on Vice<br />President George Bush's praise for<br />Marcos-style democracy on a previous<br />visit. We can assume that in private<br />Shultz may have dug a bit deeper.<br />Reporters traveling with the secretary<br />of state were reminded by<br />"senior officials" in the party that<br />"the Marcos regime is entering its<br />twilight, and we don't want to find<br />ourselves in the same position we<br />did in Iran when the shah was<br />overthrown."<br />Dealing with despots is never as<br />easy as demonstrators would have<br />us believe. And dealing with Marcos<br />is complicated by the historic connection<br />that also accounts for two<br />much-prized bases. American control<br />over Subic Bay Naval Base and<br />Clark Air Base will expire In 1991,<br />just about the time when there will<br />likely be a struggle for control of the<br />country.<br />Marcos made the matter no easier<br />in his petulant and irrelevant response<br />to visiting congressmen, concerned<br />about human rights in the<br />Philippines. He suggested that he<br />would turn to the Soviet Union if<br />Americans failed to come up with<br />the $900 million assistance program<br />agreed on for the next five years.<br />The implication In his rude remarks<br />'f'.as that thi~ I~ TP!1t 'fl" thP ha•P• ""<br />doubtless was reminded later by<br />cooler staff members that American<br />rights to the bases are absolute until<br />1991, and foreign concern about his<br />excesses of power cannot provide an<br />excuse to change that.<br />The Filipinos In front of the<br />American Embassy may have attributed<br />more power and Influence to<br />America than it has. Washington has<br />not ruled Manila for a very long<br />time. The Filipinos, not the Americans,<br />are going to decide what to do<br />next. But the process of the succession<br />has been complicated by corruption,<br />by a widening gap between rich<br />and poor, and by the erosion of<br />democracy and freedom that have<br />characterized Marcos' control of the<br />nation. American officials have<br />sometimes chosen to Ignore these<br />problems In their single-minded<br />commitment to maintaining the bases.<br />That may prove, In 1991, to have<br />been a riskier policy tban pursuing<br />orlnclples as well as bases.<br />I<br />I<br />I<br />I<br />I'<br />' I<br />I<br />SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA, Saturday, September 17, 1983<br />~;,,ilippine Protests Grow<br />In the first major display of anti-government sentiments In the<br />Filipino business community, workers In Makatl took to the<br />UP<br />streets Friday carrying opposition leader Salvador Laur,<br />calllng tor the resignation of President Ferdinand Marcos.<br />I<br />I<br />I<br />I I<br />I<br />I<br />I<br />◄<br />◄<br />◄<br />◄<br />Marcos Rival<br />Reported Shot<br />In Philippines<br />MANILA (UPI) - Self-exiled<br />Philippine opposition leader Benigno<br />Aquino was gunned down seconds<br />after he was whisked by military<br />agents from a jetliner bringing him<br />back to his homeland today, witnesses<br />aboard the plane said.<br />Passengers, including severa l<br />journalists on board the China Airlines<br />plane, said they saw Aquino<br />lying in a pool of blood on the airport<br />tarmac, his head nearly severed.<br />Witnesses said there was a flurry<br />of shots seconds after Aquino left the<br />aircraft in the custody of security<br />men who boarded the plane on its<br />arrival today.<br />"Aquino was lying in a pool of<br />blood," said United Press International's<br />Max Vanzi, who flew in on<br />the plane with Aquino.<br />"Blood was -gushing out his head<br />and his mouth. They stuffed his body Benigno Aquino<br />in a military van and drove away."<br />Bee file photo<br />Witnesses reported seeing a man<br />in civilian clothes fire a shot at Aquino.<br />The man was then shot by soldiers<br />and slumped to the ground,<br />they said.<br />At least two witnesses said they<br />saw uniformed men fire at Aquino<br />from a distance of 3 feet.<br />"They shot him," a stunned passenger<br />who was one of the first people<br />off the plane said. "I couldn't see<br />him but they shot him because I<br />heard it," said the passenger who<br />asked not to be identified.<br />Hundreds of supporters wearing<br />yellow ribbons and carrying signs<br />reading "Welcome Home, Ninoy"<br />waited outside the airport, unaware<br />that Aquino had been shot.<br />The airport had been placed<br />under tight security Saturday night<br />in anticipation of Aquino's return.<br />A ramp leading to several gates on<br />the south side of the new Manila<br />International Airport were sealed<br />off by several heavily armed security<br />men, who refused to allow journalists<br />into the arrival area.<br />Aquino's family, including his<br />mother and nine brothers and sisters<br />and several top Filipino opposition<br />leaders, were waiting in an airport<br />lounge. •<br />See GUNSHOTS, Back Page, A28<br />.................... _....Ar.. ...............<br />* * • The Sacramento Bee • Sunday, August 21, 1983<br />.t.n. 0 .c<br />tn<br />C<br />::,<br />C,<br />◄<br />·- -- .. - .. - .. - - -- .--...-___ - -<br />Marcos Rival<br />Reported Shot<br />In' Philippines<br />MANILA (UPI) - Self-exiled<br />Philippine opposition leader Benigno<br />Aquino was gunned down seconds<br />after he was whisked by military<br />agents from a jetliner bringing him<br />back to his homeland today, witnesses<br />aboard the plane said.<br />Passengers, including several<br />journalists on board the China Airlines<br />plane, said they saw Aquino<br />lying In a pool of blood on the airport<br />tarmac, his head nearly severed.<br />Witnesses said there was a flurry<br />of shots seconds after Aquino left the<br />aircraft in the custody of security<br />men who boarded the plane on its<br />arrival today.<br />"Aquino was lying in a pool of<br />blood," said United Press Interna•<br />tional's Max Vanzi, who flew in on<br />the plane with Aquino.<br />"Blood wa5 gushing out his head . .<br />and his mouth. They stuffed his body Benigno Aquino<br />Bee file photo<br />in a military van and drove away."<br />Witnesses reported seeing a man<br />in civilian clothes fire a shot at Aquino.<br />The man was then shot by soldiers<br />and slumped to the ground,<br />they said.<br />At least two witnesses said they<br />saw uniformed men fire at Aquino<br />from a distance of 3 feet.<br />"They shot him," a stunned passenger<br />who was one of the first people<br />off the plane said. "I couldn't see<br />him but they shot him because I<br />heard ii," said the passenger who<br />asked not to be identified.<br />Hundreds of supporters wearing<br />yellow ribbons and carrying signs<br />reading "Welcome Home, Ninoy"<br />waited outside the airport, unaware<br />that Aquino had been shot.<br />The airport had been placed<br />under tight security Saturday night<br />in anticipation or Aquino's return.<br />A ramp leading to several gates on<br />the south side of the new Manila<br />l11ternational Airport were seated<br />off by several heavily armed securj,<br />ty men, who refused to allow journalists<br />into the arrival area.<br />Aquino's family, including his<br />mother and nine brothers and sisters'<br />and several top Fillpino opposilloil<br />leaders, were waiting in an alrpott<br />lounge.<br />See GUNSHOTS, Back Page, AZ8<br />, ....... , .... Ar,. .. . ...... .... ..<br />* * * The Sec:nlmento IN • Sunclai,, Augult 21, 1913<br />~~=.sc O Q.) ctl 0 =., S-c;::<br />~-~cu~~<br />B-g58."ii ~-;~ ~~<br />.2~ f i!?C<br />.8 ~ ~-!a~ "0<br />"C au~ - E ._ __<br />G.>O-QJQJ<br />.... - :> "C<br />-c-- ., 4'·-<br />.c: t: .,<br />~e<br />:!;-c:,<br />.. f 4l .,<br />g~~:56<br />S.S!~;<br />§ e 3 : ~ ., --Y.l<br />~E§~-~<br />- ~ rJ') .c 'i:::,<br />"ii r.n o O.<br />>-4' u<br />c~<br />~ '-~ 0 i,ij = "C 0) QC 0.<br />ctl C - >,<br />-~CO ~£f<br />·~ ~ 8~~<br />~-; E~<br />~ g~ e.,<br />f---~~_g-=<br />C (I) •<br />OON -= ~~<br />:~:es;<br />- ·- QJ -~ ~ ~ .c-: u., - 4l ::e .<br />"ii N - ~~ ., ::, 0.<br />g.~~~.s<br /><Eal~~<br /><5"'"' .c: ., 4l<br />f-, u <I)<br />~~~<br />~~-;<br />~;~<br />~~o ·-De,<br />fc g<br />"C QJ ·-<br />c e.;<br />4l C C<br />cu '- ·-<br />.c ~;<br />~ im .c: 4l .,<br />oS~ ·= >, gii :JDr::<br />1' -<t::., e 0 C--<br />0.., .c:<br />-casg~:2<br />i 1a·; :~<br />"'"' r::1'.!!.c: --< ..... _ ·co u coo<br />a, Q,~ =;; ::e C c, Co,<br />C 0 ~:::, OD<br />·-:,::: .!!l ~.,..:<br />f:g;c~~ ~-j-'f; s,_ e as 0.Civ<br />QJ cu=IV:> - .c __ "Co<br />c ~.c·rnz<br />.2,::,G>Q.~c<br />~ i~ ~ Q. ·; 8.~ s:: 0 ~<br />8°"'~0-~·a<br />5 eg-~~<br />"\s ~ t§<br />~-4i=·i.t: •A :::: "'.c: Oil o 2 v, as :S - C 0.~<br />- C ._<br />g_ ~ 8.<br />~ .... ~~i E g-.m<br />0 < OE~ctlQJQJ<br />., u; ctl 6 ~== .c ::a"'u·.::f«i<br />1:1. U t O ·; QJ :i<br />•A E rJ 'E ·; "' t:: o v, e ua,r::r~&.E<br />C "" .. 4'<·- 0.:,<br />& .. i"'- t.,,::J U'J"C ::s 1 i>9 -;;<br />Cl c:'"" Oo<br />C, -= !.!!! ''olil i<~::;-,_:5i<br />1.1 "':;;t m<br />;;;~<br />"0 ~ 4l<br />- .c: ::, 4l -<br />0 .c: 4l<br />"'~::! 0., ><br />c ae<br />-; 4l 0. .\!i<br />r::rS:l:! C <m:,4'<br />-cu 8 E<br />·;: cu B<br />U'J c.c.g<br />.. 0 Y.l -<br />GJ.::.: a.i OJ > v- :><br />ctl CE D:, _<br />- C: ctl<br />0 0 ctl vi<br />.:., ...., v.i C CO<br />~~5B~<br />mB=t:-o<br />tiC o ~-!! .!!lc:,-4ic<br />en_ - QJ<br />0 Q"C c,::,<br />~~~-~~1{j<br />·- ti) - u .c .c<br />fls~ijll -c (,.) 0 "C ti) e ffl.!:~ ca~<br />'°a:i>. ~~<br />-o::eOl)~•a..:<br />"ij O.C<l)U .c"go~~o<br />QJ ctl _g...: Q.) ~<br />:c'E~f§E<br />~ f--,t >t.,J.1 .,.<br />•<br />- --- -~--~/¼E<br />- Editorial From:----------------------,<br />New York Times<br />The Right Messag~ To Manila<br />President Reagan catls it only a<br />postponement caused by the press of<br />bu iness in Congress, but he has<br />reached the nght decision · to cancel<br />next month's visit to Manila. The<br />ugly murder of President Marcos'<br />pohllcal foe. Benigno Aquino. is still<br />far from properly explained . Reagan<br />had no business embracing the<br />embattled dictator or involving himself<br />in any other way in the struggle<br />between his regime and a newly<br />aroused opposition.<br />It is simple prudence to stay<br />a"ay and good diplomacy to drop<br />Thailand and Indonesia from the<br />itinerary as well. By not singling out<br />the Philippines. Reagan avoids any<br />responsibility for compounding<br />Marcos· difficulties.<br />But whatever the pretext. Reagan's<br />absence will convey a desirable<br />message. The more Marcos has<br />tried to explain away the murder or<br />his rival as he was returning from<br />asylum in the United States, the less<br />convincing he has been. His own<br />commission of inquiry has all but<br />collapsed. Demonstrations or opposition<br />to his rule have now been seen<br />even among his once-arc\ent supporters<br />in Manila's financial district.<br />With the help or a loyal army, and<br />for lack or a clear alternatlw, Marcos<br />may ride out this most serious<br />challenge in 17 years. What be cannot<br />easily recover is his moral authority.<br />And it is not for Americans<br />to bestow it.<br />The United States' two vital bases<br />in the Philippines and its historic<br />obligatipns to that country require It<br />to avoid taking sides in the evolving<br />civil strife. These interests also require<br />pressing Marcos to reestablish<br />democracy before the violence<br />spreads and plays into th~ bands of<br />radical extremists. Reaga.n's canceJlation<br />is a good way to begin.<br />~-~~---- ------------:------.. ---~-------7<br />• • The Secramento Bee • Wednesday, August 24, 1983 &a<br />Name Stitched In Underwear<br />Brings Clue In Aquino's Death<br />By Ron Redmond<br />MANILA. Philippines (UPI)<br />The first firm clue in the assassination<br />of Benigno Aquino emerged<br />Tuesday from the nickname "Rolly"<br />stitched in the clothing of the man<br />the government said killed the opposition<br />leader.<br />Filipino leftists denied there had<br />been any Communist involvement in<br />the assassination of the charismatic,<br />50-year-old Aquino, as charged<br />Monday by President Ferdinand<br />Marcos.<br />Manila police chief Maj. Gen.<br />Prospero Olivas said investigators<br />were trying to trace the serial number<br />of the .357 Magnum handgun<br />allegedly used to shoot Aquino<br />moments after his arrival Sunday<br />from three years of exile in the United<br />States.<br />Salvador Laurel, president of the<br />United National Democratic Opposition<br />and a member of the country's<br />interim assembly, gave an address<br />before the Parliament Tuesday,<br />denouncing the "treacherous"<br />murder of Aquino.<br />He reiterated questions raised<br />earlier by opposition leaders over<br />bow the assailant was able to penetrate<br />airport security and get past<br />military guards to shoot Aquino at<br />close range.<br />Marcos· defense minister, Juan<br />Ponce Enrile, also addressed the<br />assembly, saying that "any hint of<br />any participation of the military in<br />the killing of Aquino is unpleasant<br />and undeserved."<br />"There are lots of possibilities<br />and we must wait for the results of<br />the investigation," he said.<br />The Batasang Pambansa, a rubber-<br />stamp parliament, unanimously<br />passed a bipartisan resolution expressing<br />the profound grief of the<br />Filipino people at the death of Aquino.<br />"He died of a heinous crime that<br />cannot be condoned by any civilized<br />society," the resolution said.<br />"His statements prior to his arrival<br />in the Philippines, as well as one<br />intended for delivery upon arrival,<br />uniformly showed his clear desire<br />for national reconciliation and unity."<br />Government television said the<br />name Rolly, a nickname for Rolando<br />sewn in brown thread in the alleged<br />gunman's underwear, was "the first<br />firm lead" in the case. Olivas said<br />the man also wore a gold ring with<br />the initial "R."<br />The alleged assassin was shot<br />down in a volley of military gunfire<br />seconds after the government said<br />he fired a single bullet into the back<br />of Aquino's head.<br />U.S. authorities are helping in the<br />investigation or the assassination of<br />Filipino opposition leader Benigno S.<br />Aquino Jr., the U.S. Embassy said<br />today.<br />In response to charges that military<br />guards killed Aquino, officials<br />said at least seven soldiers had been<br />disarmed and tests would be conducted<br />to determine who had fired<br />weapons during the brief burst of<br />gunfire on the tarmac of Manila<br />airport.<br />Tens of thousands of Filipinos<br />packed sealed-off streets outside the<br />family home in suburban Quezon<br />City for the second day to view Aquino's<br />bloodstained corpse on display<br />in an open casket.<br />Aquino's family flew to Manila<br />from Boston, where Aquino had<br />taught at Harvard University and<br />the Massacusetts Institute of Technology.<br />The United States has urged<br />Marcos to find those responsible for<br />the killing and bring them to justice.<br />The inquiry could influence President<br />Reagan's decision on whether<br />to proceed with plans to visit Manila<br />in November.<br />The government's offlcia autopsy<br />report listed the cause of Aquino's<br />death as "brain laceration and intracranial<br />hemorrhage" secondary<br />to a gunshot wound to the head.<br />Three bullet fragments were<br />found inside the single bullet wound<br />and given to authorities for ballistics<br />tests, the report said.
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Newspapers & Misc. Publications (Fenkell Papers, Box 1, Folder 9)
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Martial law -- Philippines
Marcos, Ferdinand E. (Ferdinand Edralin), 1917-1989
Aquino, Corazon Cojuangco
People Power Movement
Philippines -- History -- Revolution, 1986
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Articles, newspaper excerpts regarding the Marcos Dictatorship, the Benigno Assassination, Filipino contract laborers, and the People Power movement in the Philippines
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1970s-1980s
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<p><a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/?language=en">IN COPYRIGHT – EDUCATIONAL / NON-COMMERCIAL USE PERMITTED</a><br />For other purposes, please contact Bulosan Center archivist Jason Sarmiento at <a href="mailto:ajsarmiento@ucdavis.edu">ajsarmiento@ucdavis.edu</a>. </p>
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ucdw_wa012_s001_0205-0223, ucdw_wa012_s001_f009
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Fenkell Family collection
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<p>TALIBA</p>
<p>(News Flash/ Commentary )</p>
<p>A Publication of the COALITION AGAINST THE MARCOS DICTATORSHIP</p>
<p>(formerly the Anti-Martial Law Coalition-Philippines, AMLC)</p>
<p>Volume VI, Number 1</p>
<p>January, 1982</p>
<p>FREE</p>
<p>US-RP Extradition Treaty</p>
<p>CIVIL LIBERTIES OF U.S. FILIPINOS IN DANGER</p>
<p>LET'S</p>
<p>EXTRADITE THOSE</p>
<p>MS. - BASED REBELS</p>
<p>AND LET THEM</p>
<p>VOICE THEIR</p>
<p>COMPLAINTS IN</p>
<p>MY FACE .</p>
<p>Filipinos in the United States are faced with an imme-</p>
<p>the power to determine whether an act is political or</p>
<p>diate danger. The Marcos government and the Reagan</p>
<p>not. As everyone knows, Marcos can have a heyday with this</p>
<p>administration are preparing the ground for an extradition</p>
<p>provision alone!</p>
<p>process which will enable the dictatorship to retaliate</p>
<p>Even if ratified, the treaty can not be immediately</p>
<p>against its critics here. Extradition is a process by which a</p>
<p>implemented because some of its provisions contradict the</p>
<p>person in another country is arrested and sent to the</p>
<p>present U.S. Extradition law. However, Marcos' friends are</p>
<p>requesting country to face trial. Once in operation, this</p>
<p>coming to the rescue. The State Department is working with</p>
<p>extradition process could inhibit the free expression of</p>
<p>Congress conservatives such as Sen. Strom Thurmond to</p>
<p>political beliefs in the Filipino community here. It could</p>
<p>change this law so that it can accomodate the US-RP</p>
<p>mean the legalized extension of martial rule to the communi-</p>
<p>treaty and others like it. There are now bills (HR 5227; SB</p>
<p>ty in the U.S.</p>
<p>1639) prepared by the State Department and its allies</p>
<p>pending in Congress which if passed will transfer the power</p>
<p>REPRESSION BY EXTRADITION</p>
<p>to determine whether a crime is political or not, from the</p>
<p>The US-RP Extradition Treaty now awaiting ratification in</p>
<p>courts to the Secretary of State. In addition, if the bills</p>
<p>the Senate will make it possible for Marcos to ask for the</p>
<p>become law. a person accused of an extraditable crime can</p>
<p>extradition of Filipino and U.S. citizens deemed to have</p>
<p>be immediately jailed for up to 60 days-at the mere</p>
<p>committed acts that are considered crimes by both the</p>
<p>request of a foreign government!</p>
<p>Philippines and the U.S. These include crimes which are not</p>
<p>listed in the treaty and which the two governments may even</p>
<p>FM ITCHING FOR EXTRADITION</p>
<p>have different names for. Also. a person who may not even</p>
<p>Yet Marcos has not even waited for the treaty to be</p>
<p>have set foot in the Philippines could be extradited if</p>
<p>ratified to begin extradition proceedings against U.S. based</p>
<p>charged with conspiracy, for example. In extradition procee-</p>
<p>opponents. On Jan. 5, Marcos issued arrest warrants for 40</p>
<p>dings, hearsay is accepted evidence. The US-RP treaty</p>
<p>persons many of whom are living in the U.S. (Bulletin</p>
<p>supposedly excludes political crimes from extradition.</p>
<p>Today, 1/6/82). The list includes Benigno Aquino, MFP's</p>
<p>But it allows the Executive Branches of both countries</p>
<p>Raul Manglapus. Steve Psinakis and CAMD's Rene Cruz.<br /><br /><br /></p>
<p>The wanted persons are accused of terrorist bombings</p>
<p>FILIPINO COMMUNITY MUST RESIST</p>
<p>and/or being members of "subversive groups". Manila</p>
<p>The impact of the extradition treaty on the Filipino</p>
<p>announced that the extradition of the U.S. residents will</p>
<p>community is clear. It is not enough that the Consulates are</p>
<p>begin as soon as the treaty is ratified, and of course, as soon</p>
<p>already functioning as spy networks in the community-the</p>
<p>as the U.S. extradition law is changed. Clearly, with the</p>
<p>treaty calls on U.S. state agencies to descend on politically</p>
<p>treaty Marcos is not so much interested in going after</p>
<p>active Filipinos at the request of the Marcos regime. Just the</p>
<p>businessman who are running away from debts, but after his</p>
<p>thought of being investigated by the FBI for possible</p>
<p>political opponents.</p>
<p>extradition is already traumatic for most people. The treaty</p>
<p>How did Marcos determine who should be extradited?</p>
<p>will strengthen Marcos' capacity to intimidate the commu-</p>
<p>With the direct assistance of Sec. Haig who helped arrange</p>
<p>nity into silence. Already politically timid, the community</p>
<p>the current Grand Jury and FBI investigations of the</p>
<p>will be further discouraged from exercising their democratic</p>
<p>Psinakises in connection with the Manila bombings. He had</p>
<p>rights here. The negative effect of this will be felt not only in</p>
<p>other equally appaling assistance as well. To prove that</p>
<p>Phil.-related political activities but even in the struggle</p>
<p>others who may not be linked to the bombings are "subver-</p>
<p>against discrimination.</p>
<p>sives" nonetheless, Marcos used the testimony of LA</p>
<p>The CAMD is not going to stand by and let the Reagan-</p>
<p>Consul Armando Fernandez. The consul admitted in a</p>
<p>Marcos assault bulldoze the community's democratic rights</p>
<p>Manila court that part of his job is to spy on community</p>
<p>without a fight. It has launched the National Committee in</p>
<p>activities here. The subversive group he says, includes the</p>
<p>Opposition to the US-RP Extradition Treaty which</p>
<p>KDP, AMLC (now CAMD), and the MFP. He reported that</p>
<p>includes many Filipino community leaders as well as well-</p>
<p>their "subversive activities" include demonstrations, the</p>
<p>respected scholars and personalities such as Richard Falk,</p>
<p>distribution of literature critical of the regime, fundraising</p>
<p>Professor of International Law at Princeton, Nobel laureate</p>
<p>for anti-Marcos groups back home and "festivals called</p>
<p>George Wald and actor Edward Asner, president of the</p>
<p>Philippine National Day." The grim message then is, even</p>
<p>Screen Actors Guild. The Committee is asking everyone to</p>
<p>for constitutionally protected activities that Fernandez</p>
<p>write letters to the Senate opposing the extradition treaty</p>
<p>reported, one can be the target of extradition.</p>
<p>and the proposed changes in the extradition law (see</p>
<p>addresses below). Even if the treaty pushes through, the</p>
<p>IT'S PART OF U.S. FOREIGN POLICY</p>
<p>CAMD will fight every attempt by Reagan and Marcos to</p>
<p>Why is the Reagan administration cooperating in the</p>
<p>use it for political ends.</p>
<p>importation of martial rule to the U.S. Filipino community?</p>
<p>The CAMD is calling on all Filipinos to defend their</p>
<p>It fits in very nicely with his own foreign policy. When he</p>
<p>democratic rights by exercising them. Consulate spies must</p>
<p>declared war on "international terrorism" he did not mean</p>
<p>be exposed, isolated and ostracized. All attempts by US</p>
<p>war with Marcos, Chile's Pinochet, S. Korea's Chun, Haiti's</p>
<p>agencies to harass people for their political beliefs must be</p>
<p>Duvalier or El Salvador's Duarte who are all protecting U.S.</p>
<p>made public. The extradition treaty must be defeated. The</p>
<p>interests in their respective countries. Reagan meant war</p>
<p>CAMD has always said that U.S. Filipinos are very much a</p>
<p>on their opponents, whose resistance to dictatorial rule is</p>
<p>part of the fight for freedom in the homeland. The Marcos-</p>
<p>now being painted with the broad brush of "terrorism".</p>
<p>Reagan attempt to muzzle the community is driving home</p>
<p>Resistance to America's dictator friends, under Reagan's</p>
<p>this very point. The Filipino community must show that it</p>
<p>foreign policy, is now being called a crime-not a political</p>
<p>has no intention of abandoning the people back home. It</p>
<p>act. No wonder Sec. of State Alexander Haig supported the</p>
<p>must staunchly oppose the US-RP Extradition Treaty and</p>
<p>proposed changes in the extradition law by telling Congress</p>
<p>Reagan's unjust foreign policy.</p>
<p>that these changes are crucial if the U.S. is to be able to</p>
<p>honor its "international obligations."</p>
<p>Filipinos are not the only victims of this foreign policy.</p>
<p>Already, Salvadoran and Haitian refugees are being deported</p>
<p>DOWN with the MARCOS DICTATORSHIP:</p>
<p>back to certain persecution and even death. The recently</p>
<p>STOP U.S. AID!</p>
<p>imprisoned U.S.-based anti-Duvalier rebels will be facing</p>
<p>STOP REAGAN'S SUPPORT FOR MARCOS!</p>
<p>extradition. Meanwhile, the "friendly" anti-Castro terrorists who</p>
<p>are openly training in Florida are left untouched. Reagan is</p>
<p>also reviewing other extradition treaties "to modernize"</p>
<p>them, which means the democratic rights of many more</p>
<p>communities are going to be undermined.</p>
<p>Oppose House Bill 5227</p>
<p>Oppose the Ratification of the US-RP Extradition</p>
<p>Write to:</p>
<p>Treaty</p>
<p>House Judiciary Committee</p>
<p>Write to:</p>
<p>Sub-Committee on Crime</p>
<p>Senate Foreign Relations Committee</p>
<p>c/o Cong. William Hughes</p>
<p>c/o Sen. Charles Percy</p>
<p>U.S. Congress</p>
<p>U.S. Congress</p>
<p>Washington.D.C. 20501</p>
<p>Washington. D.C. 20501</p>
<p>IPASA PAGKABASA</p>
<p>PASS ON TO A FRIEND</p>
<p>COALITION AGAINST THE</p>
<p>Contact your Local CAMD:</p>
<p>MARCOS DICTATORSHIP (CAMD)</p>
<p>(formerly AMLA)</p>
<p>COALITION AGAINST THE</p>
<p>Geline Avila</p>
<p>MARCOS DICTATORSHIP</p>
<p>Walden Bello</p>
<p>SACRAMENTO CHAPTER</p>
<p>National Co-coordinators</p>
<p>P. O. Box 173</p>
<p>2108 57 TH AVENUE</p>
<p>Oakland, CA 94668</p>
<p>SACRAMENTO, CA 95822</p>
<p>(916) 428- 7856<br /><br /><br /></p>
<p>TALIBA</p>
<p>(News Flash/Commentary )</p>
<p>JANUARY 1984 A Publication of the COALITION AGAINST THE MARCOS DICTATORSHIP</p>
<p>(formerly the Anti-Martial Law Coalition-Philippines, AMLC)</p>
<p>454-5263</p>
<p>PLEBI - CHEAT</p>
<p>PLEBWISIT</p>
<p>JANUARY 27 PLEBISCITE: FIRST STEP</p>
<p>thereby increasing the number of</p>
<p>IN A GRAND U. S. -MARCOS MANEUVER. ..</p>
<p>seats available (to entice larger</p>
<p>rural participation in the plebis-</p>
<p>The Filipino people need another</p>
<p>cite ; the exercise is also supposed</p>
<p>to increase the size of public</p>
<p>plebiscite like a hole in the head, but</p>
<p>lands available for "land reform").</p>
<p>for the Reagan administration, the Janu-</p>
<p>Clearly the centerpiece of</p>
<p>ary27 plebiscite marks the first step in</p>
<p>the "normalization plan" is the</p>
<p>the U. S. maneuver to maintain its grip on</p>
<p>IBP. It is the key mechanism for</p>
<p>the Philippines now that the political</p>
<p>a smooth and credible succession</p>
<p>strength of its faithful ally-Marcos- is</p>
<p>from now until 1987.</p>
<p>Its Speaker</p>
<p>rapidly deteriorating.</p>
<p>is to preside over the transition</p>
<p>The dictator has not been able to</p>
<p>from a discredited U. S. ally to a</p>
<p>wash his hands of Aquino's blood. The pop-</p>
<p>new set of U.S. allies. The IBP</p>
<p>ular clamor for his resignation is piercing</p>
<p>must, therefore, be deodorized and</p>
<p>his ears. On top of this, the bottom has</p>
<p>cleansed of its image as a Marcos</p>
<p>fallen out of the economy. Marcos is trap-</p>
<p>rubberstamp .</p>
<p>ped. His political isolation has become</p>
<p>With "clean elections" on May</p>
<p>irreversible.</p>
<p>14th, meaning an increase in the</p>
<p>Seeing that their ally has become a</p>
<p>number of opposition seats from the</p>
<p>liability, Marcos' U.S. sponsors are not</p>
<p>measly 12 that exist now, the U.S.</p>
<p>wasting any time embarking on a "normal-</p>
<p>hopes to rid the IBP from the Marco</p>
<p>ization plan" to ease the situation as well</p>
<p>regime's pervasive stink.</p>
<p>With a</p>
<p>as to assure the continuity of their domin-</p>
<p>new and "clean" image for the IBP</p>
<p>ant influence on Philippine affairs.</p>
<p>With</p>
<p>Marcos ill and lacking any credibility,</p>
<p>the US hopes to keep the restive</p>
<p>they must secure a suitable guardian of U. S.</p>
<p>Filipino public at bay. It could</p>
<p>interests in the country. How can the mass</p>
<p>give Marcos a few more years in</p>
<p>protests be neutralized? Who will protect</p>
<p>power or the opportunity for Marcos</p>
<p>the U. S. bases? These are the concerns pre-</p>
<p>to gracefully "retire" should the</p>
<p>occupying the U. S. White House with regard</p>
<p>heated protests persist.</p>
<p>to the Philippine situation.</p>
<p>MARCOS GRANTS HOLLOW</p>
<p>CONCESSIONS - - BEGRUDGINGLY</p>
<p>"DEODORIZED" IBP AS A MECHANISM</p>
<p>At first, Marcos balked at these</p>
<p>FOR TRANSITION</p>
<p>"political reforms" suggested by</p>
<p>Washington, intent as he was on des-</p>
<p>In their view, the scheduled May elec-</p>
<p>ignating Imelda as his successor an</p>
<p>tions to the Interim National Assembly (IBP)</p>
<p>on monopolizing political power at</p>
<p>may be the answer. The May election could</p>
<p>all costs . But through "silent di-</p>
<p>give the appearance of the restoration of</p>
<p>plomacy", Washington put on the pres</p>
<p>democratic processes and at the same time,</p>
<p>sure , even sending Reagan's hatchet</p>
<p>put into place a key mechanism for an order</p>
<p>men, John Monjo , General Vernon</p>
<p>ly succession from Marcos to a new set of</p>
<p>Walters, and ominously, former CIA</p>
<p>U. S. -backed beaurocrats.</p>
<p>Washington hopes</p>
<p>coup expert Col. Edward Lansdale</p>
<p>that the process would pacify a population</p>
<p>to Malacanang.</p>
<p>clamoring for an end to Marcos' one man</p>
<p>US Ambassador, Michael Arma-</p>
<p>rule .</p>
<p>cost, has been busy giving warning</p>
<p>The January 27th plebiscite is meant</p>
<p>signals to Marcos to toe the US</p>
<p>to give a "legal blessing" to the ground-</p>
<p>line. As well, Armacost has been</p>
<p>works necessary for a credible election in</p>
<p>busy meeting opposition leaders in</p>
<p>May. It is supposed to amend Marcos' con-</p>
<p>his Forbes Park backyard, trying</p>
<p>stitution abolishing the Executive Commit-</p>
<p>convince them to cooperate with</p>
<p>tee for succession and re- instituting in-</p>
<p>the US normalization scenario.</p>
<p>stead, the Vice-Presidency in 1987. Mean-</p>
<p>Without too many options left,</p>
<p>while, should Marcos die or become incapac-</p>
<p>Marcos has decided to go along-</p>
<p>itated before 1987, the IBP Speaker is sup-</p>
<p>he cannot risk increasing the dis</p>
<p>posed to take over, convene a caretaker</p>
<p>pleasure of his US godfather d</p>
<p>government, and call for elections in 60</p>
<p>these times . Begrudgingly, he</p>
<p>days. The plebiscite is also supposed to</p>
<p>offerthe above mentioned co.</p>
<p>call for representation to the IBP from its</p>
<p>sions to the legal oppositi</p>
<p>regional character to a provincial one,</p>
<p>betraying the hollowness of t.</p>
<p>concessions, he quickly announced his</p>
<p>intentions to secure sweeping electoral</p>
<p>refuse to man the polls or again be</p>
<p>victories for his KBL party. He has</p>
<p>coerced into becoming the regime's in-</p>
<p>even gone so far as to predict that only</p>
<p>strumentsfor defrauding the people.</p>
<p>20-30 IBP seats will to to the opposition.</p>
<p>MODERATE OPPOSITION VACILLATES AGAIN</p>
<p>Despite the strong wave of sentiments</p>
<p>FILIPINOS TIRED OF</p>
<p>for a boycott, some of the traditional</p>
<p>ELECTORAL "PALABAS"</p>
<p>opposition are still wafflict have</p>
<p>But concession or no concession,</p>
<p>ill-concieved hopes for the coming</p>
<p>the Filipino people cannot be pursuaded</p>
<p>election.</p>
<p>that his next visit to the polls will be</p>
<p>Salvador Laurel's United Nationalist</p>
<p>any different from the last ones.</p>
<p>Democratic Organization (UNIDO) is giv-</p>
<p>They know they don't need any</p>
<p>ing "democracy one last try". As if</p>
<p>Pleb-bwisit to amend the 1973 constitu-</p>
<p>there is any real democracy in being</p>
<p>tion cooked up by Marcos, and that what</p>
<p>part of a rubberstamp body . Laurel has</p>
<p>they need is to junk that charter alto-</p>
<p>warned that a boycott will bring the</p>
<p>gether.</p>
<p>country "a step closer to violent con-</p>
<p>Neither are they fooled with elec-</p>
<p>frontation", as if the regime is not</p>
<p>tions held under the tight reins of the</p>
<p>violent enough and as if another elec-</p>
<p>repressive U. S. -Marcos alliance. They .</p>
<p>tion will minimize the violence that</p>
<p>know that this coming electoral farce</p>
<p>has already bloodied the doorstep of</p>
<p>is only meant to paint a new layer of</p>
<p>the legal opposition.</p>
<p>cosmetics on the hated face of the regime.</p>
<p>The Nationalista Party, the Liberal</p>
<p>As for the IBP, there is the joke</p>
<p>Party, and PDP, LABAN have thrown their</p>
<p>that it does not say yes to Marcos all</p>
<p>hats in the ring, despite the fact that</p>
<p>the time; it also says no - when Marcos</p>
<p>some of their own prominent peers, like</p>
<p>says no. No amount of laundering will</p>
<p>Senator Jovito Salonga and former Pres-</p>
<p>wash away IBP's rubberstamp image , for</p>
<p>ident Diosdado Macapagal, have tagged</p>
<p>the very existence of this body depends</p>
<p>this election as another attempt to</p>
<p>largely on Marcos' own arbitrary powers.</p>
<p>legitimize the regime.</p>
<p>BOYCOTT SPOILS US-MARCOS MANEUVER</p>
<p>OUR ROLE TO EXPOSE MANIPULATION</p>
<p>The organized opposition in the</p>
<p>The growing boycott movement is a</p>
<p>Philippines is quick to show that it can-</p>
<p>concrete expression of the Filipino</p>
<p>not be fooled by the US-Marcos maneuver.</p>
<p>people's rejection of the new US-</p>
<p>To Washington's dismay, the movement to</p>
<p>Marcos "normalization plan", No amount</p>
<p>boycott the plebiscite and the May elec-</p>
<p>of sugarcoating will cover up the US'</p>
<p>tion is already gaining momentum.</p>
<p>real motive. No amount of cosmetics can</p>
<p>Demanding no less than dismantling</p>
<p>beautify the bloated face of a regime</p>
<p>the US-Marcos dictatorship, the National</p>
<p>sinking in a terminal crisis.</p>
<p>Alliance for Justice, Freedom and Democ-</p>
<p>We, Filipinos in the US and Canada,</p>
<p>racy is exposing the coming elections as</p>
<p>must continue to be vigilant to not</p>
<p>one more deception aimed at legitimizing</p>
<p>fall for the media hype which has al-</p>
<p>an illegal government and an illigitimate</p>
<p>ready begun to surround the plebiscite</p>
<p>constitution.</p>
<p>and the IBP election. We must frustrate</p>
<p>An official of the Alliance, Father</p>
<p>the renewed attempts of the Reagan</p>
<p>Joe Dizon states "the people do not</p>
<p>administration to convince world opin-</p>
<p>need the Batasang, only the regime</p>
<p>ion that these electoral exercises</p>
<p>needs it."</p>
<p>will bring the Filipino peoples' lives</p>
<p>The prestigious Catholic Bishops</p>
<p>"back to normal" or that they consti-</p>
<p>Conference of the Philippines issued</p>
<p>tute the first steps toward "demo-</p>
<p>a statement approving the peoples'</p>
<p>cratization."</p>
<p>"moral right" to join the boycott.</p>
<p>It is by consistently supporting</p>
<p>The National Priests and Religious</p>
<p>the real demands of the Filipino</p>
<p>Union and the Concerned priests of</p>
<p>people that we can contribute our</p>
<p>Manila have endorsed the boycott. So</p>
<p>share in their struggle for real</p>
<p>have Kaakbay, a nationalist grouping</p>
<p>democracy. Marcos and his one-man</p>
<p>led by Jose Diokno, and the Justice</p>
<p>laws must go. Political freedoms</p>
<p>for Aquino, Justice for All Movement</p>
<p>must be genuinely restored. Polit-</p>
<p>(JAJAM) led by Lorenzo Tanada, which</p>
<p>ical prisoners must be released. U.S.</p>
<p>sprang out of the frenzied events</p>
<p>interference in Philippine internal</p>
<p>following the Aquino assassination.</p>
<p>affairs must end.</p>
<p>By a majority vote of 2, 000 dele-</p>
<p>The plebiscite is meaningless.</p>
<p>gates, the Congreso Ng Mamamayang</p>
<p>The May election --a deception.</p>
<p>Pilipino (CONPIL) decided to boycott</p>
<p>* SUPPORT THE BOYCOTT</p>
<p>unless Marcos satisfies five impor-</p>
<p>Write your families and friends</p>
<p>tant requirements, including the re-</p>
<p>back home to support the boycott</p>
<p>peal of his power to issue decrees and</p>
<p>*DEMAND A STOP US AID and BASE</p>
<p>to detain anyone indefinitely without</p>
<p>RENTAL PAYMENTS TO THE REGIME</p>
<p>trial.</p>
<p>Write to your representatives</p>
<p>CONPIL's chairman, Agapito Aquino,</p>
<p>in the US Congress.</p>
<p>brother of the slain senator, boasts</p>
<p>of having members "as far right as</p>
<p>COALITION AGAINST THE</p>
<p>LOCAL CAMD / PSN :</p>
<p>Cardinal Sin and as far left as Jose</p>
<p>MARCOS DICTATORSHIP/</p>
<p>Maria Sison."</p>
<p>PHILIPPINE SOLIDARITY NETWORK</p>
<p>Sectoral organizations have joined</p>
<p>LIZ FENKELL</p>
<p>NATIONAL OFFICE</p>
<p>the boycott movement: Progressive</p>
<p>PO. BOX 17:3</p>
<p>COORDINATOR</p>
<p>Labor Federation, Kilusang Mayo Uno , KMU,</p>
<p>OAKLAND , CALIF. 94668</p>
<p>454-5243</p>
<p>GELINE AVILA</p>
<p>and the Alliance of Concerned Teachers,</p>
<p>NATIONAL COORDINATOR</p>
<p>info on educationals , video</p>
<p>materials , housemeetings</p>
<p>who have declared that teachers will<br /><br /></p>
<p>TALIBA</p>
<p>(News Flash/Commentary )</p>
<p>A Publication of the Anti-Martial Law Coalition (Philippines)</p>
<p>VOLUME 3, Number 2</p>
<p>FEBRUARY-MARCH 1979</p>
<p>FREE</p>
<p>Carter to Host Philippine Dictator-</p>
<p>MARCOS SCHEDULES U.S. VISIT</p>
<p>Two recent events leave no doubt as to the character of the Philippine martial law regime on the one</p>
<p>hand and the substance of the human rights foreign policy of the Carter Administration on the other.</p>
<p>On February 1, Agence France Presse reported that Philippine dictator Marcos is scheduled to visit the</p>
<p>U.S. sometime in late February or early March upon the invitation of President Carter. This report was</p>
<p>followed by a State Department report dated February 8, admitting that the Marcos regime uses torture,</p>
<p>even murder, in dealing with dissidents to its unpopular rule.</p>
<p>against the widespread opposition to the martial law</p>
<p>government.</p>
<p>For his part, the dictator can now breathe easier with</p>
<p>this assurance of continued U.S. support for his one-man</p>
<p>rule. He has now shamelessly dropped all nationalist</p>
<p>posturing laying bare for the whole world to see, his</p>
<p>unmistakeable dependence to the U.S. Among his heinous</p>
<p>crimes against the Filipino people will now count the</p>
<p>selling of Philippine sovereignty in exchange for the</p>
<p>dubious privilege of flying a Philippine flag over the bases</p>
<p>and having a Filipino commander whose only duty will be</p>
<p>to "command" that portion of the bases where there are</p>
<p>no military facilities.</p>
<p>Hand in hand with these "paper changes," the dictator</p>
<p>is now prattling about returning the country back to</p>
<p>normalcy. It has for instance dangled the promise of local</p>
<p>elections to a population that is understandably cynical</p>
<p>about any "democratic processes" under a regime that</p>
<p>has continuously attempted to legitimize itself in five</p>
<p>referenda and one national election through the twin use</p>
<p>of fraud and armed force.</p>
<p>The planned visit to the U.S. is no doubt meant to cap</p>
<p>Both reports are significant. While the revelation of the this normalization scheme by making the Filipino people</p>
<p>regime's human rights record comes as no big surprise to</p>
<p>and the American people believe that things are indeed</p>
<p>many since the Marcos dictatorship has long been</p>
<p>back to normal.</p>
<p>denounced by human rights watchdog agencies such as</p>
<p>But it will take more than a dinner at the White House</p>
<p>Amnesty International, International Commission of to disguise the fascist character of the Marcos regime. No</p>
<p>Jurists, what is more revealing is the fact that its sordid talk of normalization can hide the fact that under this</p>
<p>record has in no way discouraged that purported human bankrupt dictatorship, close to one million Filipinos have</p>
<p>rights advocate, the Carter Administration, from extend- been turned into refugees by its brutal military campaigns</p>
<p>ing an invitation to the Philippine dictator.</p>
<p>and no less inhuman economic policies that place foreign</p>
<p>The State Department while neither confirming nor</p>
<p>investment over the needs of the Filipino people. Being</p>
<p>denying the report can only lamely say that the visit is not hosted by Jimmy Carter will not add any shine to its</p>
<p>an official state visit, but a "private" one. Nonetheless,</p>
<p>tarnished image as a gross violator of human rights, a</p>
<p>they did admit that a reception is being planned for the regime that solves the problem of political prisoners by</p>
<p>dictator by the White House.</p>
<p>the simple expedient of not taking any political prisoners</p>
<p>This stance of officially keeping at arm's length the</p>
<p>- alive.</p>
<p>brutal dictatorship while objectively supporting it, is</p>
<p>The Filipino people and all progressive people of this</p>
<p>typical of the Carter Administration's hypocritical foreign</p>
<p>country must give this dictator the reception he deserves.</p>
<p>policy. While making loud pronouncements about human</p>
<p>We must teach this dictator that wherever he goes, he has</p>
<p>rights as the cornerstone of its foreign policy, in the same</p>
<p>to account for his crimes against the Filipino people.</p>
<p>breath it concludes an agreement with the repressive</p>
<p>Likewise, we must teach Jimmy Carter that his pious</p>
<p>dictator which in essence extends its lifeline for the next</p>
<p>preachings about human rights has long been exposed as</p>
<p>five years. In the beginning of this year, President Carter</p>
<p>all hot air and no muscle. We must expose the dictator</p>
<p>and President Marcos announced an executive agreement</p>
<p>Marcos and Jimmy Carter as the biggest "human rights</p>
<p>regarding the U.S. bases in the Philippines which</p>
<p>masqueraders" of our time. _</p>
<p>provides for over $1 billion compensation to the Marcos</p>
<p>DOWN WITH THE U.S. - MARCOS DICTATORSHIP ! ! !</p>
<p>regime. This financial commitment (which cleverly took</p>
<p>STOP U.S. AID TO THE MARCOS REGIME! ! !</p>
<p>the form of an executive agreement thus skirting any</p>
<p>discussion of this controversial issue in the U.S. Congress</p>
<p>ANTI-MARTIAL LAW ALLIANCE (AMLA)</p>
<p>where it was expected to meet staunch opposition) is</p>
<p>thinly disguised U.S. aid to the isolated regime whose</p>
<p>Sacramento AMLA Center</p>
<p>existence would otherwise be in jeopardy. The new</p>
<p>2108 - 57th Avenue</p>
<p>agreement is also ominous because it increases the</p>
<p>Sacramento, CA 95822</p>
<p>likelihood of direct U.S. military intervention in the</p>
<p>Philippine internal affairs by providing legal justification</p>
<p>(916) 428-7856 or (916) 966-5698</p>
<p>for U.S. participation in counterinsurgency operations<br /><br /><br /><br /></p>
<p>TALIBA</p>
<p>(News Flash/Commentary )</p>
<p>A Publication of the Anti-Martial Law Coalition (Philippines)</p>
<p>VOL. 3, NO. 3</p>
<p>APRIL 1979</p>
<p>FREE</p>
<p>AMLC Pressure Succeeds-</p>
<p>Marcos Cancels U.S. Visit in Fear of Protests</p>
<p>President Marcos' planned state visit coincided</p>
<p>with the recently concluded U.S.-R.P. Military</p>
<p>Bases Agreement signed in January, 1979.</p>
<p>Under the guise of "bases rental" for such</p>
<p>facilities as Subic Naval Base (right), Marcos</p>
<p>received a 150% increase ($500 million for the</p>
<p>(picture credit; Harvard Magazine)</p>
<p>next five years) in U.S. aid, plus $1 billion in</p>
<p>economic aid.</p>
<p>Aerial view of Subic Naval Base in Olongapo, Zambales Province, Philippines.</p>
<p>Recent issues of rabid pro-Marcos newspapers</p>
<p>Aside from the horse's mouth, so to speak, the</p>
<p>such as Filipino Reporter and the Bataan News</p>
<p>other reliable sources of AMLC include:</p>
<p>(based in Stockton, Calif.) have accused the</p>
<p>Agence France Presse in its Jan. Ist news release</p>
<p>anti-martial law movement, the Anti-Martial Law</p>
<p>reported that Marcos was coming in early March.</p>
<p>Coalition in particular, of spreading "rumors" and</p>
<p>Last Feb. 22, a member of the Congress</p>
<p>engaging in idle speculation with regards to the</p>
<p>Education Project (CEP, an organization based in</p>
<p>Marcos state visit to Washington, D.C., originally</p>
<p>Washington, D.C.), called an aide of Hal Brooke</p>
<p>projected to be in March. A look at the facts,</p>
<p>(Undersecretary of State) whose response was</p>
<p>however, will show that this is not the case. In fact</p>
<p>'maybe, but not official."</p>
<p>it is the Marcos-controlled media itself which was</p>
<p>On March 1, CEP also called Rep. Lester Wolf's</p>
<p>the first to trumpet Marcos' upcoming visit by</p>
<p>aide who confirmed that Marcos was coming</p>
<p>floating trial balloons. Teodora Valencia, well-</p>
<p>mid-March to late March to "appeal to the</p>
<p>known for his his "close ties" with the Philippine</p>
<p>business community." (By this, we assume for</p>
<p>dictator (like mouthing the dictator's line on all</p>
<p>further penetration of U.S. investment in the</p>
<p>issues without fail) raised in a February issue of</p>
<p>Philippines.)</p>
<p>the Filipino Reporter that, "It's about time Marcos</p>
<p>Several calls were also placed to the State</p>
<p>comes to the U.S." Another publication, the</p>
<p>Department by congresspeople nationwide, upon</p>
<p>ASIAWEEK, also well-known for having close ties</p>
<p>the prodding of anti-martial law alliances who sent</p>
<p>to Malacanang, in its Feb. 23, 1979 issue wrote :</p>
<p>delegates to their representatives and senators.</p>
<p>"When would Marcos go? A presidential aide told</p>
<p>The State Department at various times confirmed</p>
<p>ASIA WEEK's Antonio Lopez that his boss "has a.</p>
<p>the visit ("It's a private visit.") and, not</p>
<p>standing invitation from Carter . . .</p>
<p>Official</p>
<p>unexpectedly tried to remain vague about the</p>
<p>sources intimated that the date would be either in</p>
<p>whole affair.</p>
<p>spring or summer, "that is, sometime between</p>
<p>As the above information shows, contrary to</p>
<p>March and August. Insiders, however, are betting</p>
<p>what the pro-Marcos papers want us to believe,</p>
<p>on next month. .</p>
<p>these are hard facts not based on "rumors" nor</p>
<p>Continued<br /><br /></p>
<p>TALIBA</p>
<p>(News Flash/Commentary )</p>
<p>A Publication of the Anti-Martial Law Coalition (Philippines)</p>
<p>VOLUME 3, NUMBER 1</p>
<p>JANUARY 1979</p>
<p>FREE</p>
<p>FILIPINO PEOPLE DEMAND:</p>
<p>"U.S. BASES OUT OF R.P."</p>
<p>PAWALAN BIS</p>
<p>US-RF</p>
<p>MILITARY BAS</p>
<p>EEMENT</p>
<p>The Filipino people have repeatedly demanded the removal of U.S. bases from Philippine soil.</p>
<p>On New Year's Day, 1979, President Jimmy Carter fully exposed the hypocrisy of his well-publicized</p>
<p>concern for human rights along with his pretense of mild disapproval for the regime of President Ferdinand</p>
<p>E. Marcos of the Philippines. On that day, Carter and Marcos announced the conclusion of several years</p>
<p>negotiations over U.S. bases in the Philippines. Proudly they revealed that the governments of the two</p>
<p>countries had arrived at an "Executive Agreement" concerning the bases. Key points of this agreement</p>
<p>involve the payment of $500 million in "compensation" to the Marcos government over the next five years</p>
<p>and certain superficial changes billed as increased Philippine control over the bases.</p>
<p>The agreement reveals the undeniable collusion</p>
<p>$475 million is pure military aid to the Marcos regime.</p>
<p>between Carter and Marcos - two cronies who, for over</p>
<p>For the next three years, the agreement mandates a full</p>
<p>a year, have performed a sometimes convincing act of</p>
<p>$125 million per year as "compensation" in addition to</p>
<p>mutual dislike.</p>
<p>the $37 million which is part of the regular U.S. military</p>
<p>Deception runs through every aspect of the new</p>
<p>assistance to the Philippines. This will bring U.S.</p>
<p>"Excecutive Agreement." Major changes have been</p>
<p>military assistance to the repressive Marcos regime up to</p>
<p>made in the 1947 Bases Treaty. Chief among these is the</p>
<p>$162 million, over four times the current figure.</p>
<p>payment of rent - which has been innocently labeled</p>
<p>But why have the negotiators been forced to adopt</p>
<p>'compensation" - to the Marcos government. Yet in</p>
<p>such patently undemocratic and deceptive tactics to</p>
<p>spite of what is actually a treaty renegotiation, the Carter</p>
<p>achieve their goals and to tack on to their agreement a</p>
<p>Administration has carefully labeled the outcome not a</p>
<p>series of measures which are supposedly designed to</p>
<p>new "treaty," but an "Executive Agreement."</p>
<p>insure a measure of Philippine control over the bases?</p>
<p>This seemingly trifling difference is tremendously</p>
<p>The answer lies in the unpopularity of the Marcos</p>
<p>important. A new treaty must be approved by the U.S.</p>
<p>dictatorship both in the Philippines and the United</p>
<p>Senate and be opened for discussion by the American</p>
<p>States. The repressive character of this faithful U.S. ally</p>
<p>people. An Executive Agreement is exactly what it</p>
<p>has made it both thoroughly hated at home and</p>
<p>says - an agreement between two heads of state. In one</p>
<p>extremely controversial in the United States. A new</p>
<p>careful choice of terms, the Carter-Marcos team has</p>
<p>treaty with the Philippine dictator would have stirred up</p>
<p>managed to avoid public discussion on a highly</p>
<p>a debate which might have proven uncomfortable for</p>
<p>controversial issue - whether the bases should remain in</p>
<p>both heads of state.</p>
<p>the Philippines at all, bypass the role of Congress in</p>
<p>The new "Agreement" claims that, through a series</p>
<p>approving major foreign policy decisions, and narrow the</p>
<p>of cosmetic moves, Philippine control over the</p>
<p>issue to a simple matter of Congressional approval over a</p>
<p>bases has been increased. Filipino base commanders</p>
<p>budget appropriation. Brilliant!</p>
<p>are to be installed and each base will fly the</p>
<p>Even the terms of the "Agreement" itself are</p>
<p>Philippine flag. The land area of the base is to be</p>
<p>deceptive. The $500 million figure has been reported as</p>
<p>somewhat reduced. Perimeter security has been turned</p>
<p>combined economic and military aid. In fact, only $25</p>
<p>over to the Armed Forces of the Philippines with some</p>
<p>million is to be used for economic aid. The remaining</p>
<p>provisions for joint control in certain areas. Yet the<br /><br /><br /></p>
<p>Taliba, January 1979</p>
<p>Page 2</p>
<p>'Agreement" contains not a word concerning Philippine</p>
<p>This damage is felt not only in broad social terms but</p>
<p>jurisdiction over American servicemen who commit</p>
<p>in specific military situations as well. The bases have</p>
<p>crimes against Filipinos. There is no guarantee</p>
<p>been used repeatedly for intervention in Philippine</p>
<p>whatsoever that American soldiers who in the future</p>
<p>affairs. Prior to the declaration of martial law,</p>
<p>mistake Filipinos for "wild boars" and kill them will not</p>
<p>Congressional testimony reveals they were used against</p>
<p>be abruptly transferred out of the country as in years</p>
<p>the Huks and, more recently, they have been used</p>
<p>past. This is Philippine control?</p>
<p>against the New People's Army. Immediately after the</p>
<p>Why has this charade of Philippine control over the</p>
<p>declaration of martial law in 1972, the entire modern</p>
<p>bases become necessary?</p>
<p>fighter component of the Philippine Air Force - a</p>
<p>Because the Filipino people have come increasingly to</p>
<p>squadron of F-5's - was based at Clark Air Field at a</p>
<p>see the U.S. bases in their homeland as, in the words of</p>
<p>time when it was reportedly carrying out bombing</p>
<p>the Civil Liberties Union of the Philippines, "an affront</p>
<p>missions over Isabela.</p>
<p>to Philippine sovereignty."</p>
<p>The Filipino people recognize that such intervention is</p>
<p>What is the role of the U.S. bases in the Philippines?</p>
<p>likely not only to continue, but to increase, as long as the</p>
<p>According to the 1947 bases agreement, their purpose</p>
<p>bases remain on their soil. The wording of the 1947</p>
<p>is two-fold: to "protect U.S. security interests in Asia"</p>
<p>treaty clearly invites the U.S. to slide into internal</p>
<p>and to "insure the territorial integrity of the Philip-</p>
<p>involvement in the Philippines without the slightest</p>
<p>pines. " Numerous spokesmen for the U.S. government,</p>
<p>obstacle. Whereas previously U.S. intervention in the</p>
<p>even several from the Department of Defense, however,</p>
<p>country has been indirect and covert, the new</p>
<p>have agreed with Filipino nationalists that external</p>
<p>"Agreement" with its cooperative security arrange-</p>
<p>aggression is not a threat to the Philippines. The bases</p>
<p>ments dramatically increases the possibility of direct and</p>
<p>thus remain principally to "protect U.S. security</p>
<p>open intervention. The "Agreement" brings one step</p>
<p>interests in Asia."</p>
<p>closer the possibility of sending U.S. troops to the</p>
<p>Filipinos have come increasingly to resent the role of</p>
<p>Philippines to intervene in the country's growing</p>
<p>these bases as launching pads for U.S. aggression and</p>
<p>domestic conflicts.</p>
<p>intervention in the internal affairs of other countries.</p>
<p>Not only do U.S. bases on Philippine soil invite U.S.</p>
<p>Filipinos wish to dissociate themselves altogether from</p>
<p>intervention in Philippine affairs, they represent a</p>
<p>situations like the Vietnam War when bombing missions</p>
<p>serious threat to the "territorial integrity of the</p>
<p>against the Vietnamese originated from Clark Air Base.</p>
<p>Philippines" which the Treaty claims they are supposed</p>
<p>Only a few days ago, on Dec. 29, 1978, the Defense</p>
<p>to protect. It has long been known that these bases are</p>
<p>Department announced that a naval task force and the</p>
<p>major storage sites for nuclear weapons. This makes</p>
<p>nuclear-capable carrier Constellation had left Subic</p>
<p>them into key strategic targets for any enemy of the</p>
<p>Naval Base enroute to the Indian Ocean. Speculation</p>
<p>U.S., should the U.S. be drawn into a major armed</p>
<p>suggested that its mission was to respond to develop-</p>
<p>confrontation.</p>
<p>ments in Iran and possibly to aid one of the world's most</p>
<p>The Filipino people have no desire to be blown to bits</p>
<p>despised dictators whose entire nation has risen up</p>
<p>in another man's war. Nor do they wish to have</p>
<p>against him.</p>
<p>foreigners, armed and strategically located on their own</p>
<p>Yet many have argued that the bases are actually</p>
<p>soil, intervene in their own affairs and dictate the course</p>
<p>beneficial to the Philippines because they provide both</p>
<p>of their history. The Filipino people do not need or want</p>
<p>employment for a large number of Filipinos and because</p>
<p>the economic impetus to turn their people into pimps,</p>
<p>base spending pumps dollars into the Philippine</p>
<p>prostitutes, dope-peddlers, and black marketeers. They</p>
<p>economy. Their removal, supporters of the bases have</p>
<p>do not want to see an inch of their territory used to</p>
<p>argued, would mean a massive economic dislocation.</p>
<p>launch aggressive action against peoples of other</p>
<p>The Filipino people have taken a closer look at the</p>
<p>countries. The Filipino people want the bases out. The</p>
<p>economic impact of the bases on the country and have</p>
<p>Anti-Martial Law Coalition full supports their desire and</p>
<p>come up with some surprising discoveries. The bases in</p>
<p>calls on all Filipino and American people to support their</p>
<p>fact employ less than one percent of the Philippine</p>
<p>demand to remove all U.S. bases from the Philippines.</p>
<p>non-agricultural labor force. Further, while it is true that</p>
<p>the base economy has a major impact on the Philippines,</p>
<p>Philippine economic and political institutions have</p>
<p>absolutely no control over it. The wages spent by</p>
<p>thousands of U.S. servicemen in the Philippines have a</p>
<p>highly inflationary effect. As one economist put it, they</p>
<p>"add to the total demand in the economy without</p>
<p>increasing the supply of new goods because the soldier</p>
<p>spends his pay on things he has not produced and the</p>
<p>munitions worker does not go out and buy a tank."</p>
<p>Filipinos have reexamined the character of the</p>
<p>so-called "growth industries" spawned by the bases.</p>
<p>Where have all those dollars pumped by U.S.</p>
<p>servicemen into the Philippine economy gone and what</p>
<p>has been the result socially? The principal industry</p>
<p>stimulated by the base economy has been prostitution</p>
<p>ANTI-MARTIAL LAW COALITION</p>
<p>and related entertainment activities. Angeles City, site</p>
<p>of Clark Air Base, boasts of over 500 bars and brothels</p>
<p>(PHILIPPINES)</p>
<p>Olongapo City, site of Subic Naval Base contains at least</p>
<p>Rene Cruz, National Coordinator</p>
<p>12,000 prostitutes who form a full 10 percent of the city's</p>
<p>P.O. Box 540</p>
<p>population.</p>
<p>Woodside, N. Y. 11377</p>
<p>Another major industry spawned by the bases is the</p>
<p>(212) 898-1969</p>
<p>procurement and sale of illegal drugs to U.S.</p>
<p>servicemen. Since the Philippines does not produce</p>
<p>heroin, this has meant developing smuggling rings from</p>
<p>LOCAL ALLIANCE:</p>
<p>the "Golden Triangle" of Thailand and Burma. Another</p>
<p>flourishing base-related industry is the black market in</p>
<p>AMLA CENTER</p>
<p>PX goods.</p>
<p>2108 57th Ave.</p>
<p>All three of these industries have stimulated a rise in</p>
<p>Sacramento,</p>
<p>CA</p>
<p>95322</p>
<p>organized crime. They can hardly be labeled beneficial to</p>
<p>the Filipino people. In fact, the social damage these</p>
<p>428-7856</p>
<p>Or 966-3593</p>
<p>institutions do is immeasurable.<br /><br /></p>
<p>TALIBA</p>
<p>(NEWSFLASH/</p>
<p>COMMENTARY)</p>
<p>A Publication of the COALITION AGAINST THE MARCOS DICTATORSHIP/</p>
<p>PHILIPPINE SOLIDARITY NETWORK (CAMD/PSN)</p>
<p>August 1984.</p>
<p>One year after the Aquino assassination</p>
<p>NO END TO THE CRISIS</p>
<p>OF THE MARCOS DICTATORSHIP</p>
<p>The</p>
<p>It has been a year since thousands of festive yellow ribbons</p>
<p>Collantes leads a group of 30 KBL and independent parliament</p>
<p>which were to herald a welcome for the returning opposition leader,</p>
<p>tarians in supporting Aquilino Pimentel's resolution demanding</p>
<p>Benigno Aquino, Jr., suddenly unfurled into giant banners that</p>
<p>the repeal of Amendment No. 6 of the Marcos-engineered</p>
<p>screamed outrage over his assassination at the Manila Inter-</p>
<p>Constitution. Amendment No. 6 gives Marcos power to make laws</p>
<p>national Airport.</p>
<p>beyond the reach of the Assembly or the judiciary.</p>
<p>Today, the dictator Ferdinand Marcos faces essentially the</p>
<p>In an attempt to regain the support of businessmen and members</p>
<p>same political crisis that threatens the continuation of his absolute</p>
<p>of the traditional opposition, Marcos devised non-partisan calls for</p>
<p>rule. The agitation of the Filipino people to oust him and end the</p>
<p>them to join him in resolving the political and economic problems</p>
<p>dictatorship remains the catalyst that spells his doom.</p>
<p>plaguing his regime. But when he reconstituted his cabinet, the</p>
<p>same old familiar faces showed up, including that of his wife,</p>
<p>The downward spiral of the Philippine economy cannot be</p>
<p>Imelda.</p>
<p>arrested even as the Reagan administration infuses life-giving aid</p>
<p>and promises to release $180 million of the $900 million rental it</p>
<p>While the sham election momentarily divided the broad opposition</p>
<p>agreed to pay for the maintenance of U.S. military bases at Subic</p>
<p>into advocates of participation and those of boycott, the unanimous</p>
<p>and Clark. The long-awaited $650 million from the International</p>
<p>call for Marcos' ouster echoes both in the Batasan (Assembly),</p>
<p>Monetary Fund constitutes but another gasp before a fatal</p>
<p>and in the "parliament of the streets."</p>
<p>drowning.</p>
<p>Marcos fully intends to widen the gap in the opposition by</p>
<p>In its desperation to stay in power for as long as it can, the</p>
<p>stepping up his strident anti-communist attacks and military</p>
<p>Marcos regime has narrowed down its choice to two alternate</p>
<p>violence against the militant protest movement. "It is not the</p>
<p>options: deception and military reprisal.</p>
<p>opposition who is the enemy of the people, but the subversives," he</p>
<p>declared.</p>
<p>But the Filipino people have not been waylaid in their deter-</p>
<p>mined path towards democratization. They have no other option.</p>
<p>TERROR IN MANILA</p>
<p>On the opening day of the Batasan last July 23, 2,000 riot police</p>
<p>BY CROOK OR BY FORCE</p>
<p>used truncheons, tear gas and pillbox bombs to scuttle a de-</p>
<p>The election of 65 opposition UNIDO candidates in the May 14</p>
<p>monstration of 25,000 people who came to listen to former senator</p>
<p>National Assembly election went beyond the 20 to 30 seats</p>
<p>Lorenzo Tanada give an address of the "true state of the nation.'</p>
<p>Marcos had predicted. Still it gave him reason to crow that</p>
<p>democracy has prevailed.</p>
<p>In the month preceding, Marcos had ordered a rapid succession</p>
<p>of repressive measures to put a lid on the unrest produced by a new</p>
<p>Although the rules are heavily stacked against the minority party</p>
<p>set of restrictive economic decrees which set prices rocketing and</p>
<p>in the Assembly, it has been bolstered by disgruntled members of</p>
<p>plunged the peso to P18 to $1.</p>
<p>Marcos' Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (KBL) party. Manuel</p>
<p><br /><br /><br /><br /></p>
<p><br /><br /><br /></p>
<p><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /></p>
<p><br /><br /></p>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Taliba, Articles, & Drafts (Fenkell Papers, Box 1, Folder 19)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Extradition
Marcos, Ferdinand E. (Ferdinand Edralin), 1917-1989
Martial Law -- Philippines
Aquino, Benigno S., Jr., 1932-1983
Reagan, Ronald
Military bases, American
Description
An account of the resource
Select issues of the Taliba Newsletter, detailing Ferdinand Marcos' canceled trip to the U.S., Military bases in the Philippines, US-Philippine extradition policies, and general policies of the Regan and Carter administrations.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Taliba
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1978-1984
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<p><a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en">NO KNOWN COPYRIGHT</a><span> – EDUCATIONAL / NON-COMMERCIAL USE PERMITTED</span><br />For other purposes, please contact Bulosan Center archivist Jason Sarmiento at ajsarmiento@ucdavis.edu. </p>
Format
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JPG, PDF
Language
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English
Identifier
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ucdw_wa012_s001_0340-349
ucdw_wa012_s001_f019